Sécurité MariaDB

Par défaut sous Debian, nous accédons à la console de la base de donnée à l'aide de la commande sudo. Afin de sécuriser l'accès à la base, nous allons définir un compte root dédié à la base, et effectuer quelques réglages.

Nous lançons le script

sudo mysql_secure_installation

Nous définissons un mot de passe pour root, interdisons l'utilisateur anonyme, interdisons l'accès avec le compte root à distance, interdisons l'accès à la base de test.

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

Nous nous connectons en saisissant le mot de passe défini précédemment

sudo mysql -u root -p

Nous vérifions que l'accès par socket est configuré

USE mysql;
SELECT plugin FROM user WHERE user='root';

Vous devriez avoir ceci en retour

+-------------+
| plugin      |
+-------------+
| unix_socket |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Nous désactivons l'accès par socket, mettons à jour les privilèges, et sortons

UPDATE user SET plugin='' WHERE User='root';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
QUIT

Dorénavant, pour accéder à la console MariaDB

mysql -u root -p